What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine it, treatment methods

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment.Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs it is accompanied by.From this article you will learn about all the features of the disease.As well as diagnostic and treatment methods.

Calculous prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which conglomerates of a dense structure are formed.In other words, these are stones located in the prostate.They consist of elements that enter the male body.They arise in the secretion of the prostate gland against the background of chronic prostatitis and pathological disorders.

Causes

The cause of calculous prostatitis may be the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system.These may be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, and so on.In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, obstruction is observed in the ducts of the prostate gland, against the background of which the secretion acquires a thick and viscous structure.Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatolites contribute to an increase in inflammatory processes, which causes congestion to develop in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of an adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of unhealthy foods, abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.But most often the reason lies in the lack of regular sex life, since in this case the glands cannot empty the stones normally, which is why stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux.With this disease, small doses of urinary fluid are thrown into the prostate during urination.As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released, which over time enlarge and thicken, turning into stones.Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to injuries to the urethra, with prostate atony, resection of the prostate gland, etc.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to maintain personal hygiene causes infection, which leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Old age.This is due to the fact that a kind of coating of phosphoric acid and lime forms on the condensed epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations have a yellowish tint and a spherical shape.The minimum size of prostatoliths is 0.25 cm, the maximum is 0.4.They form singly or in multiples, and are predominantly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate stones or urate stones.

Symptoms

The presence of prostatoliths in the prostate is indicated by the following signs:

• dull and aching pain in the perineum, groin, tailbone, scrotum;
• increased pain after physical activity, bowel movements, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• jet intermittency;
• frequent urge when urine is retained;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the prostate acini or ducts.The symptoms of catarrhal type are mild, the signs resemble colds.If you consult a urologist in a timely manner and begin adequate treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatolites penetrate the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis.The follicular type can develop after untreated catarrhal type.The manifestations are acute, with increased body temperature and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.In the tertiary form, the prostate parenchyma is affected, which is why it is called parenchymal (diffuse).It is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute.A purulent exudate forms on the inflamed area.The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What are the complications of untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate due to the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and further development of sepsis, which leads to death;
• atrophy of the prostate gland and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by dilation of blood vessels in the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To prevent such consequences, when you notice the first signs, you need to go to the clinic and undergo a comprehensive examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

It is quite clear to every sane person that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance.But before her arrival, you can take regular painkillers.If you have propolis-based rectal suppositories in your home medicine cabinet, carry out the appropriate procedure.Relieves pain and laxative tablets.

Which doctor is treating you?

A urologist (or andrologist) treats prostatitis of any form.Other highly specialized doctors are also involved in the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics - nephrologist, infectious disease specialist and others, depending on the cause of the formation of stones.

Diagnostics

During the initial visit to the urology office, the doctor conducts a palpation and visual examination, after which he collects an anamnesis.The lifestyle, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the symptoms that appear must be taken into account.The following diagnostics are carried out:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of seminal fluid (sperm in the calculous type of prostatitis is characterized by an increased amount of epithelial tissue and amyloid bodies);
• spermogram allows you to study the degree of motility and number of sperm;
• prostate x-ray;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate gland;
• computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

It is mandatory to collect blood for PSA, which makes it possible to identify a specific prostatic antigen (a kind of tumor marker of the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the selection of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form, cause of development and the presence of complications.

Drug treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group for the destruction of pathogenic microbes, which most often cause prostatitis.These are antibiotics that easily cope with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group of antibiotics.However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, so they are prescribed less frequently than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are used intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient should take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels.For this, a high-frequency electric current and a resectoscope are used, which is inserted through the urethral lumen.The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that particles of prostatoliths will remain.
2. Ultrasound-guided transurethral surgery.Unlike the previous method.Thanks to increased ultrasound tracking, all stone formations are removed.
3. Strip prostatectomy (stones are removed by cutting) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate).Along with advanced stones, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser, which crushes the stones, after which they are removed naturally.An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• exposure to ultrasound reduces the level of inflammation, removes pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate and relieves discomfort;
• magnetic therapy restores blood circulation and neutralizes swelling.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, accelerates blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but for the calculous form it is strictly prohibited.The reason is that prostatoliths may move throughout the body.

If you are unable to attend physiotherapeutic procedures, you can do them at home using special devices.But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only during remission - when prostatitis is in the acute stage, the use of devices is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis is required to adhere to a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist at the individual level, based on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the avoidance of alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods.It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat, fish, and mushrooms.From vegetables you will have to exclude horseradish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions.And other products that lead to gas formation.

Therapeutic exercise

It is always used for prostatitis, but with the calculous form, exercise should be light to prevent the movement of stones.Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum.To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand up to the chair and rest your hands on the back.Take one leg to the side, lifting it as high as possible.Lower the limb.The same actions are carried out with the other leg.Number of approaches – 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on it.Raise your legs to your stomach one by one, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, squat down and hold the position for a few seconds.Stand up.As you do the exercise, try to make springy movements in the squatting position.Repeat no more than 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25-30 raw pumpkin seeds every day, always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction.You will need an equal proportion of bare ostudnik and black initial letter.Separate 1 tbsp.l.herbs, pour 0.5 liters of “steep” boiling water, let it brew.Take 100 mg 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
3. Brew brown rosehip root according to the recipe indicated on the pharmacy package.Drink as a tea drink three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tbsp into a glass of boiling water.l.parsley seeds and simmer for 10-15 minutes over low heat.Leave for an hour.Drink one tablespoon up to 6 times a day.
5. Drink 600-1,000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrot, beet, cucumber.

Forecast

When treating calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable.In advanced forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used.In this case, the prognosis is also favorable.But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period in order to prevent infection and other complications.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of the calculous type of prostatitis and prevent relapse, follow simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek medical help promptly for any pathological disorders;
• strictly follow the urologist’s instructions;
• do not get too cold;
• to avoid infection, use condoms;
• Have an active sex life with one partner.